ÇáÞóæúáõ ÇááøóØöíÝ Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíÑö ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝ
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ÇáÞóæúáõ ÇááøóØöíÝ Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíÑö ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝ |
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ßóÇäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö áÇó íõÎúÑöÌõæäó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÞúÊõáõæåõ ÈóÇáúãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÏúÞöíÞö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ãóßóËó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÈóÑøö ËóáÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð íöÄõáøöÝõ ((ÇáÊøóãúåöíÏó))¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ýöíúåö:
ÓóãöíÑõ ÝõÄóÇÏöí ãõÐú ËóáÇËíäó ÍöÌøóÉ
æóÕóíúÞóáõ Ðöåúäöí æóÇáúãõÝóÑøöÌõ Úóäú åóãøöí
ÈóÓóØúÊõ áóßõãú Ýöíúåö ßóáÇãó äóÈöíøößõãú
ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ãóÚóÇäöíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÚöáúãö
æóÝöíúåö ãöäó ÇáÂËóÇÑö ãóÇ íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö
Åöáóì ÇáÈöÑøö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóíóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáÙøõáúãö
æóãóßóËó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÌóáÇáõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÃúáöíÝö ((ÇáäøóåúÌóÉö ÇáúãóÑúÖöíøóÉö)) ÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ æóåöíó ÔóÑúÍñ Úóáóì ÃóáúÝöíøóÉö ÇÈúäö ãóÇáößò!.
æóãóßóËó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóÃúáöíúÝö ((ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí)) ËóáÇËöíúäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóÊú ãóÑóÇÌöÚõåõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö (1430) ßöÊóÇÈðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈæ ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈöí – æóåõæó íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Úóäú ÊóÃúáöíÝöåö áößöÊóÇÈö ((íóÊöíãóÉö ÇáÏøóåúÑö))- :
((æóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÊóÕóÏøóíúÊõ áöÚóãóáö Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóËóáÇËõãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÇáúÚõãúÑõ Ýöí ÅöÞúÈóÇáöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóÈóÇÈõ Ýöí ãóÇÆöåö¡ æóßóÊóÈúÊõåõ Ýöí ãõÏøóÉò ÊóÞúÕõÑõ Úóäú ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÍóÞøóåõ¡ æóáÇ ÊóÊøóÓöÚõ áöÊóæúÝöíóÉö ÔóÑúØöåöº ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ßóÚõÌóÇáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇßöÈö¡ æóÞóÈúÓóÉö ÇáÚóÌúáÇäö¡ æóÞóÖóíúÊõ Èöåö ÍóÇÌóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ áÇó ÃóÍúÓöÈõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚöíÑöíäó íóÊóÚóÇæóÑõæäóåõ¡ æóÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÎöíäó íóÊóÏóÇæóáóæäóåõº ÍóÊøóì íóÕöíÑó ãöäú ÃóäúÝóÓö ãóÇ ÊóÔöÍøõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóäúÝõÓõ ÃõÏóÈóÇÁö ÇáÃõÎúæóÇäö¡ æóÊóÓöíÑõ Èöåö ÇáÑøõßúÈóÇäö Åöáóì ÃóÞóÇÕöí ÇáÈõáúÏóÇäö¡ æóÍöíäó ÃóÚóÑúÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÃóíøóÇãö ÈóÕóÑöí¡ æóÃóÚóÏúÊõ Ýöíúåö äóÙóÑöí¡ ÊóÈíøóäúÊõ ãöÕúÏóÇÞó ãóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊõÈö:
Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ íóÈúÏõæ ãöäú ÖóÚúÝö ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó Ãóäøóåõ áÇó íóßúÊõÈõ ßöÊóÇÈðǺ ÝóíóÈöíÊõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöáÇøó ÃóÍóÈøó Ýöí ÛóÏöåö Ãóäú íóÒöíÏó Ýöíúåö Ãóæú Ãóäú íóäúÞõÕó¡ åóÐóÇ Ýöí áóíúáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Ýöí Óöäöíäó ÚöÏøóÉ ! )).
æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáÇøó áöÚöáúãöåöãú Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝó áóíúÓó ÈöÇáÃóãúÑö Çáúåóíøöäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áÇó íóÊóÕóÏøóÑõ áöáÊøóÃúáöíÝö ãöäúåõãú ÅöáÇøó ãóäú ÊóÃóåøóáó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝó Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞó åõæó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÅöäóÇÁò ãõáöÆó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö ÝóÝóÇÖó ÈóÚúÏóãóÇ ØóÝóÍóº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÖó åõæó ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝõ¡ æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ.
åóÐóǺ æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóäú ÕóäóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÝóÞóÏú æóÖóÚó ÚóÞúáóåõ Úóáóì ØóÈóÞò íõØóÇÝõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö íóäúÙõÑõæäó ãóÇ ÍóæóÇåõ !¡ áöÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈöíøõ: ((ÇáÃóÏóÈõ ÕõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ÝóÍóÓøöäú ÚóÞúáóßó ßóíúÝó ÔöÆúÊó!)).
æóÞóÏöíúãðÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóáÇóÁö: ((ÇáÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ýöí ÝõÓúÍóÉò ãöäú ÚóÞúáöåö æóÝöí ÓóáÇãóÉò ãöäú ÃóÝúæóÇåö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ áóãú íóÖóÚú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÞõáú ÔöÚúÑðÇ)).
æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÈóÑúãóßöíøõ: ((áÇó íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí ÝõÓúÍóÉò ãöäú ÚóÞúáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú ÔöÚúÑðÇ Ãóæú íõÕóäøöÝú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ)).
æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ((ÃóáöÝ ÈóÇÁ)) áöíõæÓõÝó ÇáúÈáæíøö (604åÜ): ((æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ: áÇó íóÒóÇáõ ÇáúãóÑúÁõ Ýöí ÝõÓúÍóÉò ãöäú ÚóÞúáöåö¡ ãóÇ áóãú íóÕúäóÚú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ Ýöíúåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóßúäõæäó ÝóÖúáöåö¡ æóíõÊóÕóÝøóÍõ Ýöíúåö – Åöäú ÃóÎúØóÃó – ãóÈúáóÛó ÚóÞúáöåö)).
ÝóÚóáøóÞó ÇáÈáæí Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: ((æóÕóÏóÞó !º áÃóäøóåõ ãóäö ÇãúÊóÍóäó ÞóæúáÇð ÙóåóÑó Úóáóì ÚóíúÈöåö¡ æóãóäú ØóáóÈó ÚóíúÈðÇ æóÌóÏóåõ)).
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááåö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÞóÝøöÚ: ((ãóäú æóÖóÚó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝóº ÝóÅöäú ÃóÌóÇÏó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóÝó¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÓóÇÁó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊõÞúÐöÝó ! )).
æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ((ÇáúãõæóÔøóì)): ((æóÞóáøó ãóÇ äóÌóÇ ãõÄóáøöÝñ áößöÊóÇÈò ãöäú ÑóÇÕöÏò ÈöãóßöíÏóÉò Ãóæú ÈóÇÍöËò Úóäú ÎóØöíÆóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ ãóäú ÃóáøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóÝó æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝó æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊõÞúÐöÝó¡ æóßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: áÇó íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí ÝõÓúÍóÉò ãöäú ÚóÞúáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú ÔöÚúÑðÇ Ãóæú íóÖóÚú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó:
áÇó ÊóÚúÑöÖóäøó áöáÔøöÚúÑö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú
Úöáúãõßó Ýöí ÃóÈúÍõÑöåö ÌöÓúÑÇ
Ýóáóäú íóÒóÇáó ÇáúãóÑúÁõ Ýöí ÝõÓúÍóÉò
ãöäú ÚóÞúáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú ÔöÚúÑóÇ
æóÃóäúÔóÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó:
ÇáÔøöÚúÑõ ÚóÞúáõ ÇáúãóÑúÁö íóÚúÑöÖõåõ
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöËúáõ ãóæóÇÞöÚö ÇáäøóÈúáö
ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÕøöÑõ Úóäú ÑóãúíóÊöåö
æóäóæóÇÝöÐñ íóÐúåóÈúäó ÈöÇáúÎóÕúáö
æóãúÚóäóì ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝó: ÇäúÊóÕóÈó æÇÑúÊóÝóÚó¡ ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÑó åóÏóÝðÇ áÂÑóÇÁö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇäúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊöåöãú.
áöÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáÅöãóÇãõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ((ãöÝúÊõÇÍö ÏóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö)) áöãóäú íóÞúÑóÃú ßöÊóÇÈóåõ: ((Ýóáóßó ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ ÕóÝúæóåõ æóáöãõÄóáøöÝöåö ßóÏóÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÌóÔøóãó ÛóÑúÇÓóåõ æóÊóÚóÈóåõ¡ æóáóßó ËóãóÑõåõ¡ æóåóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝó áöÓöåóÇãö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÞöíäó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúÐóÑó Åöáóì Çááåö ãöäó ÇáÒøóáóáö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó))¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Íóãóáó ÇáÑøóÇÛöÈó ÇáÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøó Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ((ÚóÑúÖõ ÈóäóÇÊö ÇáÕøõáúÈö Úóáóì ÇáúÎõØøóÇÈö ÃóÓúåóáõ ãöäú ÚóÑúÖö ÈóäóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÏúÑö Úóáóì ÇáÃóáúÈóÇÈö !!)).
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ áÇó äóÌóÇÉó ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúÏö áÃóÍóÏò¡ ÅöáÇøó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍõÑøöÑó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÏõÞøöÞó ÞóÏúÑó ÇáúãõÓúÊóØóÇÚö Óóáöãó ÇáúßóÊÇöÈõ ãöäú ãõÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÞúÏö ÅöáÇøó ãóÇ Èõäöíó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÓóÏö! ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÏóÇÆöãñ ãóÇ ÏóÇãóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáÇøó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ((ÇáúÍóíóæÇäö)): æóíóäúÈóÛöí áóãóäú ßóÊóÈó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÃóáÇøó íóßúÊõÈóåõ ÅöáÇøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßõáøóåõãú áóåõ ÃóÚúÏóÇÁñ æóßõáøõåõãú ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÇáÃõãõæÑö æóßõáøõåõãú ãõÊóÝóÑøöÛñ áóåõ !º Ëõãøó áÇó íóÑúÖóì ÈöÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì íóÏóÚó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÛõÝúáÇð æóáÇó íóÑúÖóì ÈöÇáÑøóÃúí ÇáúÝóØöíÑöº ÝóÅöäøó áÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝöÊúäóÉð æóÚõÌúÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóßóäóÊú ÇáØøóÈöíÚóÉõ æóåóÏóÃóÊö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉõ æóÊóÑóÇÌóÚóÊö ÇáÃóÎúáÇóØõ æóÚóÇÏóÊö ÇáäøõÝõÓõ æóÇÝöÑóÉð: ÃóÚóÇÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑó Ýöíúåö ÝóíóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÚöäúÏó ÝõÕõæúáöåö ÊóæÞøõÝó ãóäú íóßõæäõ æóÒúäõ ØóãóÚöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøóáÇóãóÉö ÃóäúÞóÕó ãöäú æóÒóäö ÎóæúÝöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóíúÈö¡ æóíóÊóÝóåøóãó ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
Åäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÊóÛõÑøõ ÇáÞóæúãó ÎóáúæóÊõåõ
ÍóÊøóì íóáöÌøó Èöåöãú Úöíøñ æóÅößúËóÇÑõ
æóíóÞöÝõ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúãóËóáö: ((ßõáøõ ãõÌúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÎóáÇóÁö íõÓóÑøõ)) ÝóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÚúÊóÑöíåö ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóì ãóäú ÃóÌúÑóì ÝóÑóÓóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÎóáÇó ÈöÚöáúãöåö ÚöäúÏó ÝóÞúÏö ÎõÕõæãöåö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÕóäúÇÚóÊöåö.ÇåÜ
åóÐóǺ æóáÇÈõÏøó áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝó Ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íõÓúÈóÞú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Èöåö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÇáúãóäúÔõæÏóÉó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáæóáöíÏõ ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö ((ÇáúÈóÏöíÚõ Ýöí æóÕúÝö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö)): ((ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍóÞøó ÇáÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÈöÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö¡ æóÃóæúáÇåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝöº ãóÇ ÛóÝóáó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãöÄóáøöÝõæäó¡ æóáóãú íõÚúäó Èöåö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõæäóº ãöãøóÇ ÊóÃúäóÓõ ÇáäøõÝõÓõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóáúÞóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóíúåö))¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú áÇó íóÎúáõæó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáËøóãóÇäöíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈæ ÍóíøóÇäó¡ æóåöíó :
1- ÇÎúÊöÑóÇÚõ ãóÚúÏõæãò.
2- Ãóæú Êóßúãöíáõ äóÇÞöÕò.
3- Ãóæú ÊóåúÐöíÈõ ãõØóæøóáò.
4- Ãóæú ÊóÚúíöíäõ ãõÈúåóãò.
5- Ãóæú ÌóãúÚõ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞò.
6- Ãóæú ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ãõÌúãóáò.
7- Ãóæú ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ãõÎóáøóØò.
8- Ãóæú ÊóÈúíöíäõ ÎóØóÃò.
æóáÇó æóÌúåó áöãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ ÈöÏóÚúæóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó Þóáøó ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÅöÞúÈóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö !¡ Ãóæú ÈöÏóÚúæóì ((ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÇáÃóæøóáõ áöáÂÎöÑö ))!¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇáößò Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáÊøóÓúåöíúáö : ((æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚõáõæãõ ãöäóÍðÇ ÅöáóåöíøóÉð æóãóæóÇåöÈó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöíøóÉð¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÈúÚóÏò Ãóäøó íõÏøóÎóÑó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãóÇ ÚóÓöÑó Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó)).
æóíóÞõæáõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ:
æóÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáúÍõÙõæÙö ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÏúÎóáõæÇ
Ýóåúãó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúÚóÞöáõ
ÝóíõÍúÑóãõ ÇáÐøóßöíøõ ÈöÇáúÝóåúãö ÇáúÌóáöí
Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÍóÙøöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÒóáö
áöÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÑóÈøöåö Ýöí ((ÇáúÚöÞúÏö ÇáúÝóÑöíÏö)): ((Åöäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÂÎöÑó ßõáøó ØóÈóÞóÉò¡ æóÇÖöÚöí ßõáøó ÍößúãóÉò¡ æóãõÄóáøöÝöí ßõáøó ÃóÏóÈò¡ ÃóåúÐóÈõ áóÝúÙðÇ¡ æóÃóÓúåóáõ áõÛóÉð¡ æóÃóÍúßóãõ ãóÐóÇåöÈó¡ æóÃóæúÖóÍõ ØóÑöíÞóÉð ãöäó ÇáÃóæøóáö¡ áÃóäøóåõ äóÇÞöÖñ ãõÊóÚóÞøöÈñ¡ æóÇáÃóæøóáõ ÈóÇÏöÆñ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ)).
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